low temperature hydrothermal and solution synthesis of ceo2 nanoparicles: a comperative investigation

nanostructured ceo2 powders were synthesized via a series of hydrothermal and solution precipitation methods. three different hydrothermal methods including 1:2 and 1:1 bi:ce molar ratios at 180 °c for 48 h (s1 and s2, respectively) without calcinations and 2:1 bi:ce molar ratio at 180 °c for 48 h with calcinations (s3) were performed successfully for the synthesis of the target nanomaterials. two different solution precipitation methods i.e. 1:1 bi:ce molar ratio at 80 °c for 40 min without and with calcinations (s4 and s5, respectively) were also used for the synthesis of ceo2 nanoparticles. bi(no3)3 and (nh4)2ce(no3)6 were used as raw materials. the synthesized materials were characterized by powder x-ray diffraction (pxrd) technique. ceo2 crystallized in a cubic crystal structure with cell parameters of a=b=c= 5.412 å. the morphologies of the synthesized materials were studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy (fesem). the technique showed that the morphology of the synthesized nanomaterials were strongly dependent on the synthetic procedure.